Legacy of British colonialism in the Caribbean Essay

Legacy of British colonialism in the Caribbean - Essay Example Britain’s imperial possessions in the Caribbean were collectively called the British West Indies. These were comprised by Anguilla, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Montserrat and the Turks and Caicos Islands. The West Indies also included the sub-grouping called the Caribbean Anglophones composed of the now independent states such as Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and Trinidad and Tobago. Prior to the British and European occupation, the Caribbean is home to some ancient agricultural civilizations. The oldest settlement, which was considered to be those of archaic age, dates back to around 7000 years. At the time of the European colonization, settlers are comprised of three Amerindian ethnic groups, namely: the Tainos, Carib and the Ciboney. The importance of the Caribbean among its European rulers is mainly due to the sugar industry, which has prospe red in the islands. "Sugar was the foundation of the Golden Age of West Indian prosperity during the eighteenth century" (Tomich 14)

Creating My Own School Essay Example for Free

Creating My Own School Essay The benefits of education on the individual person no doubt extend beyond economic effects. Jeremy Behrman and Nevzer Stacey cited that the effects of education â€Å"spread beyond direct economic effects (1). † As such is the case Behrman and Nevser adds, benefits â€Å"include a better way of taking care of ourselves and consequently creating a better society in which to live† (1). Based on this notion, it is important to make education available for everyone regardless of race, color, social status and gender or even physical condition. Education should be a right of everyone and no one should be denied of this right. However, the quality of education has been the focal point in the educational arguments. The report of the United States Government Accountability Office (GAO) cited that although teachers play an essential role in improving the students’ performance, the quality of education especially in areas where poverty is high, remains bad due to teachers’ lack of competency in the subject they teach (1). Thus it remains a burden of the government and of the society to establish schools that will cater to the increasing demand of a quality education. The No Child Left Behind Act was a response to this demand, yet it is clear that there is still a great demand for schools that would cater to the growing need of the society of a quality education for children. It is for this reason that I should like to introduce the Early College Communications (ECC) school which is designed to serve especially working class student and those with special cases. With highly competent teachers duly licensed by the states licensing board, the ECC provides quality education for grades 9-12 that would prepare students to college with a high level of competitiveness and a strong sense of achieving success in life. The school is deeply anchored on the government’s policy under No Child Left Behind Act (NCLBA) which emphasized on the qualification requirements for teachers. Under this act, the GAO report stated that states, districts, and schools are â€Å"responsible for ensuring that teacher meets these requirements† (1). The GAO also stated that the NCLBA â€Å"requires teachers of core academic subjects such as math and science be highly qualified†¦. † (1) The ECC proudly announces that it meets these requirements. The ECC’s philosophy of education is based on the principle that education is for everyone and that everyone deserves quality education. The ECC adopts a method of teaching based on Ramden’s (1992) distinctive ways of understanding teaching that is applicable to high school education wherein the teacher is seen as the organizer of student activity. Kate Ashcroft and Lorraine Foreman-Peck explained that in this method of teaching, the focus of the teaching and learning situation is on â€Å"what the student does† (69) and the role of the teacher is supervisory. In this case, as Ashcroft and Foreman-Peck pointed out, â€Å"the interest of teaching methods is now focused on ensuring that students learn† (69) and the teacher’s main concern is to motivate students â€Å"to be actively engaged† (69). With this method of teaching, the ECC management ensures that all students get quality education as we are implementing strict compliance for teachers to facilitate the student’s learning through motivating them to active and lively participation in the learning activities. As the school is committed to providing quality education, we have also implemented strict guidelines on the selection of teachers. Teachers were thoroughly screened if they have genuine interests in helping students learn regardless of their color, race, social status or physical condition. Thus, we are assuring everyone that the ECC is student friendly and we are very much concern all our student get quality education as they finished their term with us. For students with disabilities, that is, those belong to section two of the definition given by the Individuals with Disabilities Education act of 2004 (IDEA) cited by Roger Pierangelo and George Giuliani which held, (ii) Disorders not included. The term does not include learning problems that are primarily the result of visual, hearing, or motor disabilities, of mental retardation, of emotional disturbance, or of environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage (1) Students with disabilities that do not include learning problems because of the reasons mentioned in the definition, we encourage them to enroll at ECC as we have highly competent teachers to handle this special class. However, we require students with disabilities to seek certification from the local educational agency whether they responds to scientific, research-based intervention as part of the evaluation procedures. With teachers’ genuine concerns on students with disabilities, their primary aim is to ensure that students with disabilities learn equally with other students. Furthermore, the school facilities are designed for the convenience of these special students. These teachers are licensed by the state to handle special classes and they are skilled in communicating with students with disabilities. Overall, the school is committed on preparing our students to become successful individual regardless of their color, race, social status, and physical condition. The student who could finish their term at ECC will have an early college credit because the school offers subjects that will provide them advantage when they go to college. Thus, with our commitment towards the future success in life of our students, and with efficient and highly qualified teachers we are confident we can lead our students to become competitive, success oriented and determined to achieve their dreams in life. For everyone out there, enroll now at Early Communication College and be assured of a quality education and of an exciting learning situation in the classroom. Work Cited Ashcroft, Kate Foreman-Peck, Lorraine Managing Teaching and Learning in Further and Higher Education Great Britain: Routledge, 1994 Behrman, Jere R. Stacey, Nevser The Social Benefits of Education USA: University of Michigan, 1997 â€Å"No Child Left Behind Act Improved Accessibility to Education’s Information† USA: The United States GAO, 2005 Pierangelo, Roger Guiliani, George A. Teaching Students with Learning Disabilities USA: Corwin Press, 2008

Roman Empire :: essays research papers

The Roman Empire The people were happy. This is the underlying cause of the astounding length of time and space that the Roman Empire occupied most of the known western land. Great rulers met their downfall when they put their own status in front of the well being of the people they govern. When the citizens are left high and dry and not regarded as important to their society then this is when there is an overthrow of power and a new ruler comes into play. Citizens had a place in politics, they have lots of entertainment, they had the best army in the world to protect them, and Rome was the place to live and would be that way for many years. Many leaders come and go but it is the great ones that we remember, the ones that make people enjoy life. The emperors that are not approved by the people are the ones that turn a new leaf of evil once they have a military victory. The thrill of so much power gives them the urge to be the best in the world. They move on and conquer other nations and forget about their own people. Julius Caesar cared about his people and wanted to be the "ruler for the people," rather than the "ruler of the people." When he gain power of Rome from the hands of Pompey there was no reign of terror, but a policy to restore economic and prosperity to Rome. This period of time in Rome is known today as the golden age of Roman literacy and development. The minds of the people are expanding. Another example of the Roman citizens' happiness and prosperity comes during the rule of Caesar's grandson Octavian, better known to history as Augustus. Once Augustus rises from the new triumvirate as the ruler of the empire, he introduces different types of social reform that appease the people and keep them on his side. Augustus is a classical man and wanted to bring back the ancient moral to the citizens. He reduced the size of the army and gave soldiers land and money. He imports food and gives it away to the people. Augustus transformed Rome from city of bricks to a city of marble by building temples and basilicas to represent his power as well as his love for the city that he takes care of.

Horatio and Laertes as Foils in Hamlet Essay -- GCSE Coursework Shakes

   Horatio and Laertes as Foils in Hamlet  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      Hamlet, Prince of Denmark by William Shakespeare is a play about a man's revenge for his father's murder and all the tragedy that comes along with it. The play takes us through the emotions and doubts Prince Hamlet finds within himself after speaking with the presumed ghost of his father, the former King of Denmark.   Through Hamlet we meet Horatio, a friend of Hamlet's and a fellow student.   When reading [ref] the conversations between Hamlet and Horatio, it becomes clear how Hamlet feels about his father's murder and his plans to avenge this murder.   We also meet Laertes, son of Polonius and sister to Ophelia.   Through interactions with Laertes we see another side to Hamlet. The similarities and the differences between them both help to show off more of Hamlet's personality and feelings about the revenge. Through both Horatio and Laertes we see not only Hamlet's plan for revenge but also some of his feelings of doubt and confusion between what he thought he wanted and wh at he was actually capable of.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A foil is a minor character in a play or novel that shows the feelings   and thoughts of the major character. This is done not only by the dialog between the two characters but also their similarities and differences. As a foil, Horatio can be seen as a window into what Hamlet feels and does.   Horatio is one of the first to see the ghost of King Hamlet and he also informs Hamlet of this sighting.   This is something that they have in common because not all of the characters can see the ghost.   The queen, for instance, was unable to see it when talking to Hamlet in her ... ...tries to do away with Hamlet right from the start. The only thing that slows him down is that Claudius wants the right time and the right place to not only make sure that Hamlet is dead but to also save him from any repercussions that might come his way from Hamlet.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Through different minor characters, the true feelings and personalities of the main character in a novel or a play come out. Hamlet's weaknesses and strengths and thoughts and desires came out because of his relationships with others.   Without   Horatio or Laertes the small aspects of Hamlet's personality would not be clear. This is true of every relationship whether it be fact or fiction. People, real or fake, need others about themselves. These people to Hamlet are Horatio and Laertes, and without these two essential characters,] the play would be less than great.   

Christmas Day

Christmas is a Christian festival. Jesus Christ, the founder of the Christian faith, was born on 25 December. Hence the day is observed as the ‘Christmas Day' in order to commemorate Christ's birth. On the day, the Christians dress themselves colourfully with a gay spirit. They wish ‘Merry Christmas' to their friends and relatives. They visit one another's house in order to exchange good wishes. The Christians decorate their houses on the occasion with the Christmas Tree which is an evergreen (artificial) tree beautified with small electric bulbs and zari laces or other tiny pieces of decoration like dazzling paper stars, halls etc. hat add a typical festive mood to the occasion. They prepare Christmas pudding rich dark plum cakes which are eaten at Christmas. The Christians all over the world enthusiastically celebrate the Christmas festival. It is a great day also for the children, who sing the carol, which is a Christmas hymn in chorus in memory of Christ's birth. They fervently look for Santa Claus or the Father Christmas who is supposed to appear to distribute attractive gifts to the children on the day.Santa Claus dress ­es himself in red and white, wears white and long false beard, and carry a bag full of presents for the children. The shops, hotels, churches, schools, colleges-all are decorated with various types of coloured paper flowers or other designs, balloons and lamps on the Christmas day. The festival is now-a-days found to be enjoyed and celebrated also by other communities not as a religious belief, but as a festive occasion.

Prime Minister Joe Clark Biography

Prime Minister Joe Clark Biography At the age of 39, Joe Clark became the youngest Prime Minister of Canada in 1979. A fiscal conservative, Joe Clark, and his minority government were defeated after just nine months in power on a non-confidence motion on a budget of tax increases and program cuts. After losing the 1980 election, Joe Clark stayed on as Leader of the Opposition. When Brian Mulroney took over as Leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada in 1983 and then Prime Minister in 1984, Joe Clark continued as an effective Minister of External Relations and Minister for Constitutional Affairs. Joe Clark left politics in 1993 to work as an international business consultant, but returned as Leader of the Progressive Conservative Party from 1998 to 2003. Prime Minister of Canada:Â  1979-80Birth:Â  June 5, 1939, in High River, AlbertaEducation:Â  BA - Political Science - University of Alberta, MA - Political Science - University of AlbertaProfessions:Â  Professor and international business consultantPolitical Affiliation:Â  Progressive ConservativeRidings (Electoral Districts):Â  Rocky Mountain 1972-79, Yellowhead 1979-93, Kings-Hants 2000, Calgary Centre 2000-04 Political Career of Joe Clark Joe Clark began his political career as Director of Organization for the Alberta Progressive Conservative Party from 1966 to 1967. He was Special Assistant to a Conservative member of parliament Davie Fulton in 1967. He served as Executive Assistant to a Conservative member of parliament Robert Stanfield from 1967 to 1970. Joe Clark was first elected to the House of Commons in 1972. He was elected as Leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada in 1976 and was Leader of the Opposition until 1979. Joe Clark was sworn in as Prime Minister of Canada after the 1979 general election. The Conservative government was defeated in 1980. Joe Clark was again Leader of the Opposition from 1890 to 1983. Joe Clark called a Progressive Conservative Party leadership convention and lost the party leadership to Brian Mulroney in 1983. In the Mulroney government, Joe Clark served as Minister of External Affairs from 1984 to 1991. He was President of the Privy Council and Minister Responsible for Constitutional Affairs from 1991 to 1993. Joe Clark did not run in the 1993 general election. Joe Clark returned as Leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada in 1998. He was re-elected to the House of Commons in 2000. In 2002, Joe Clark said he had carried the Progressive Conservative Party as far as he could. Joe Clarks resignation as Progressive Conservative Party leader was effective at the leadership convention in May 2003. Unhappy with the subsequent merger of the Progressive Conservative Party and the Alliance Party into the new Conservative Party of Canada, Joe Clark decided not to run in the 2004 general election.

Ancient Syrian Facts and History

Ancient Syrian Facts and History In antiquity, the Levant or Greater Syria, which includes modern Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestinian territories, part of Jordan, and Kurdistan, was named Syria by the Greeks. At the time, it was a landbridge connecting three continents. It was bounded by the Mediterranean on the west, the Arabian Desert on the south, and the Taurus mountain range to the north. The Syrian Ministry of Tourism adds that it was also at the crossroads of the Caspian Sea, the Black Sea, the Indian Ocean, and the Nile. In this vital position, it was the hub of a trade network involving the ancient areas of Syria, Anatolia (Turkey), Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Aegean. Ancient Divisions Ancient Syria was divided into an upper and lower section. Lower Syria was known as Coele-Syria (Hollow Syria) and was located between the Libanus and Antilibanus mountain ranges. Damascus was the ancient capital city. The Roman emperor was known for dividing the emperor into four parts (the Tetrarchy) Diocletian (c. 245-c. 312) established an arms manufacturing center there. When the Romans took over, they subdivided Upper Syria into multiple provinces. Syria came under Roman control in 64 B.C. Romans emperors replaced the Greeks and Seleucid rulers. Rome divided Syria into two provinces:Â  Syria Prima and Syria Secunda. Antioch was the capital and Aleppo the major city of Syria Prima. Syria Secunda was divided into two sections, Phoenicia Prima (mostly modern Lebanon), with its capital at Tyre, and Phoenicia Secunda, with its capital at Damascus. Important Ancient Syrian Cities Doura EuroposThe first ruler of the Seleucid dynasty founded this city along the Euphrates. It came under the Roman and Parthian rule, and fell under the Sassanids, possibly through an early use of chemical warfare. Archaeologists have uncovered religious venues in the city for practitioners of Christianity, Judaism, and Mithraism. Emesa (Homs)Along the Silk Route after Doura Europos and Palmyra. It was the home of the Roman emperor Elagabalus. HamahLocated along the Orontes between Emesa and Palmyra. A Hittite center and capital of the Aramaean kingdom. Named Epiphania, after the Seleucid monarch Antiochus IV. AntiochNow a part of Turkey, Antioch lies along the Orontes River. It was founded by Alexanders general Seleucus I Nicator. PalmyraThe city of palm trees was located in the desert along the Silk Route. Became part of the Roman Empire under Tiberius. Palmyra was the home of the third century A.D Roman-defying queen Zenobia. DamascusCalled the oldest continually occupied city in the word and is the capital of Syria. Pharaoh Thutmosis III and later the Assyrian Tiglath Pileser II conquered Damascus. Rome under Pompey acquired Syria, including Damascus.Decapolis AleppoA major caravan stopping point in Syria on the road to Baghdad is in competition with Damascus as the oldest continually occupied city in the world. It was a major center of Christianity, with a large cathedral, in the Byzantine Empire. Major ethnic groups The major ethnic groups that migrated to ancient Syria were Akkadians, Amorites, Canaanites, Phoenicians, and Arameans. Syrian Natural Resources To the fourth millennium Egyptians and third millennium Sumerians, the Syrian coastland was the source of the softwoods, cedar, pine, and cypress. The Sumerians also went to Cilicia, in the northwest area of Greater Syria, in pursuit of gold and silver, and probably traded with the port city of Byblos, which was supplying Egypt with resin for mummification. Ebla The trade network may have been under the control of the ancient city Ebla, an independent Syrian kingdom that exerted power from the northern mountains to Sinai. Located 64 km (42 mi) south of Aleppo, about halfway between the Mediterranean and the Euphrates. Tell Mardikh is an archaeological site in Ebla that was discovered in 1975. There, archaeologists found a royal palace and 17,000 clay tablets. Epigrapher Giovanni Pettinato found a Paleo-Canaanite language on the tablets that was older than Amorite, which had previously been considered the oldest Semitic language. Ebla conquered Mari, the capital of Amurru, which spoke Amorite. Ebla was destroyed by a great king of the southern Mesopotamian kingdom of Akkad, Naram Sim, in 2300 or 2250. The same great king destroyed Arram, which may have been an ancient name for Aleppo. Accomplishments of the Syrians The Phoenicians or Canaanites produced the purple dye for which they are named. It comes from mollusks that lived along the Syrian coast. The Phoenicians created a consonantal alphabet in the second millennium in the kingdom of Ugarit (Ras Shamra). They brought their 30-letter abecedary to the Aramaeans, who settled Greater Syria at the end of the 13th century B.C. This is the Syria of the Bible. They also founded colonies, including Carthage on the north coast of Africa where modern Tunis is located. The Phoenicians are credited with discovering the Atlantic Ocean. The Aramaeans opened trade to southwest Asia and set up a capital in Damascus. They also built a fortress at Aleppo. They simplified the Phoenician alphabet and made Aramaic the vernacular, replacing Hebrew. Aramaic was the language of Jesus and the Persian Empire. Conquests of Syria Syria was not only valuable but vulnerable since it was surrounded by many other powerful groups. In about 1600, Egypt attacked Greater Syria. At the same time, Assyrian power was growing to the east and Hittites were invading from the north. Canaanites in coastal Syria who intermarried with the indigenous people producing the Phoenicians probably fell under the Egyptians, and the Amorites, under the Mesopotamians. In the 8th century B.C., the Assyrians under Nebuchadnezzar conquered the Syrians. In the 7th century, the Babylonians conquered the Assyrians. The next century, it was the Persians. At the death of Alexander, Greater Syria came under the control of Alexanders general Seleucus Nicator, who first established his capital on the Tigris River at Seleucia, but then following the Battle of Ipsus, moved it into Syria, at Antioch. Seleucid rule lasted for 3 centuries with its capital at Damascus. The area was now referred to as the kingdom of Syria. Greeks colonizing in Syria created new cities and expanded trade into India. Sources: The Library of Congress - SYRIA - A Country Study, Data as of April 1987Supplemental: [www.syriatourism.org/] Syria - Ministry of TourismSyrian CitiesA Manual of Geographical Science: Ancient Geography, by W. L. Bevan (1859).

Philosphoical needs essays

Philosphoical needs essays Endangered species are living organisms whose population are significantly reduced and are threatened to the point of extinction. Many interventions have taken place since then to help the few attempt to regain their numbers of animals. Thousands of species are included in this category, not to mention plants, mammals, birds, amphibians, and reptiles. What would this world come to if no one cared for such scarce breed that was dying off? It can have many damaging effects to the environment. Millions of years before humans, the extinction of organisms was linked to the climate and geological patterns, which made main alternation of the environment. Environmental change is still the primary cause of the extinction of animals, but now the changes have greatly accelerated by human interaction. A few examples include land for farming, lumbering, mining, building dams, and draining wetlands. In any case, they all alter the environment extensively that ecosystems may be completely destroyed, ruining the food chain. Minnesota is home to many mammals, plants, and birds. According to Minnesotas Department of Natural Resources, there are many specimens on the endangered, threatened, and special concerned list. With over half being plants, there are many more added each year. In particular, the gray wolf is on the threatened list. With wolves being perceived as a threat to people, especially children, the animal usually poses little danger to humans. The increase in the number and distribution of wolves in Minnesota over the past two decades has resulted in more wolves living near people than any other time in Minnesotas history. Another debate is the managing of wolves would be to alleviate predation on Minnesotas deer herds. In addition, the issue of wolves killing deer has been a hot topic in Northern Minnesota and was used to justify wolf bounty. Based on data collected from Minnesota DNRs1997-98, an estimate of ...

Environmental Rights Annotated Bib Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Environmental Rights Bib - Annotated Bibliography Example The authors highlight that the current literature regarding environmental rights ignores the economic costs (transactional costs) such as welfare costs associated with the establishment of the right. The current literature therefore proposes that the only transactional costs involved are bribes and the like, which are of no economic significance. The whole economic literature also assumes that individuals are rational beings and hence the environmental policy making does not involve self-interest (Krutilla and Alexeeve, 2014). Through their article, the authors have tried to describe how transactional cost involved (such as welfare cost) can be reduced. The most important theme of the paper is that environmental rights are an important policy making instrument. Generally, the rights are defined in terms of taxation or through a stipulated pollution level which acts as a control. This provides an incentive for polluters to reduce their emissions of harmful gasses thereby circumventing the high abatement costs. For this reason, polluters often oppose such developments because it costs them highly in terms of taxation and other economic costs. Even though environmentalists work to advocate pollution taxation, the result is the imposition of infra-marginal rents. As a result, a new political economy has erupted which operates trading programs for polluted emissions (Krutilla and Alexeeve, 2014). The authors have provided a framework in order to model sharing of the environmental rights (Krutilla and Alexeeve, 2014). However, the authors have assumed an elastic demand for the polluters which means that they alone bear the taxation imposed on emissions. The authors however have made a good attempt at trying to quantify and monetize the welfare costs associated with the rights. The social, political, and economic aspects have been discussed very well by the authors due to the context of the issue. Towards

The Use of Animals in the Experiments Research Paper

The Use of Animals in the Experiments - Research Paper Example The increase in experiments with the use of animals resulted in an increase in the vivisection of the animals. This resulted into increase in controversies due to the increased surgery and dissection of the part of organisms in the body of the animals. One of the proponents of Galenic physiology, Edmund O’Meara was one of the opponents of the use of animals in scientific and chemical experiments. He argued that the severe harm and physiological pain caused to the non-human animals as a result of the dissections conducted during the experiments cause a physiological imbalance to the animals which go unnoticed. The animals subject to experiments are kept awake for a continuous period which is unjustified and unlawful (Gluck, Pasquale and Orlando 140). The unbearable pain borne out by the animals during the process of experiments always stay behind the awareness of the scientists and the researchers. The agonizingly painful processes that are faced by the non-human animals have l ed the opponents of the view to suggest a ban on the use of animals in experimental procedures. The experiments on the response of brains to the electrical impulses and shocks put the animals under the treatment of electrode bars. The varying electrical impulses are passed on the body of the animals based on the inquisitiveness of the researchers. The animals are finally captivated to death in order to analyze the impact of the experimental procedures on the various parts of the body of the non-human animals (Monamy 74). Almost 300 million animals are forced to die in the scientific and chemical laboratories where the experiments are performed.

Nasser speach Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nasser speach - Assignment Example Even though the critics say that it did not change much in the country but it did show that the Arabs are aware. They are not merely masses that were just being sold and divided between borders and oil reserves. Even though the thoughts in Nassers narrative are appealing but nothing much has changed. One thing is for sure that the Arabs are aware, and they want to determine the destiny of their nation. Later in the documents Nassir talks about what the Arabs should do if they really want to take their fate into their hands. He says that their approach must aspire to the latest scientific tools and achievements. Embracing technology and education will be the greatest weapons in their hands. By acquiring new equipment, Egyptians industry will have its distinct position compensating for the production progress that started in other countries much earlier. He speaks of the United Arab Republic making foreign policies in the best interests of its people and not for a handful of rich Arab families. It is hard to discourage such passionate idea by Nasser, but the reality of the Middle East does not reflect his

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 28

History - Essay Example Since these pieces serve as the most powerful, reliable and authentic sources of exploring the social norms, cultural values, religious rituals, taboos, mores, traditions, conventions, folklore and festivals, the historians, archeologists, cultural anthropologists and intellectuals declare them as the most dynamic donation one has granted to his culture (Walton, 2006). The same is applied to the given passages and pictures representing the Tang and Song dynasties of Medieval China. The given literature endorses the very notion that the elite stratum of the then Chinese society used to enjoy leisure hours after the completion of the tasks and professional obligations of the stratum. Hence, it ratifies Theory of Leisure Class articulated by Thorstein Veblen in 1899 that the elite or leisure class consumes its free hours after work in gossiping, arranging parties and embarking upon literary pursuits (Veblen, 2007). Since this class contained time, resources and opportunities in plenty, it did not have to get worried regarding their income and expenditures etc. Consequently, the class was expected to consume money, take food, drink wine, make fun and rejoice itself through amusement and recreational activities. Renowned English poet of Classical Era Alexander Pope has also elucidated the revelry-making activities of the elite stratum by portraying the everlasting character of the protagonist Belinda in his illustrious Rape of the Lock. The history of ancient cultures of Greece and Rome portray the kings and queen as habitual to dissipation and immoral activities while enjoying their leisure hours (Blond, 2000). The same was the position of the ruling class of Ottoman Empire, India and France. The French Revolution 1789 was actually the thunderous reaction to the dissipation made by the royalty and courtiers at the expense of the poor and downtrodden masses, who paid heavy taxes and thus underwent hunger and starvation for many days for the

Bankers Bonuses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Bankers Bonuses - Essay Example In this regard the musician stated that he is Q-â€Å"No longer prepared to fund the excessive bonuses of RBS investment bankers. Unless he acts to limit [bonuses] to  £25,000, I shall be withholding my tax payment on 31st January.†Ã‚   What has complicated the issue is that the bank is primarily owned by the British tax-payers and received massive bailout funding from the Government of Great Britain. It was further postulated P- that this represented a not just a localized trend but reflected an international trend insofar as it is the case that nearly $100 billion U.S. or  £62bn is going to be paid out in bonuses this year. Ordinarily this would see to represent a massive problem to the American taxpayer however it is the case that the biggest banks on Wall Street which will be giving out the bonuses are Q- delivering profits of as much as $11bn. Citibank and Bank of America are both likely to deliver profits of at least $6bn, while Morgan Stanley will reveal a much smal ler figure of around $1.2bn. One could present that the argument that in Scotland that if it is the case that the RBS is going to have huge losses, needs huge federal subsidies to stay afloat and is owned by the citizens/taxpayers of Great Britain than the paying out of unreasonably high executive bonuses would seem to be unjustified. However in the American context if these major banking firms are settling their repayment criteria and are generating profits above no harm in paying bonuses to their management assuming that the mid level investment.

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 28

History - Essay Example Since these pieces serve as the most powerful, reliable and authentic sources of exploring the social norms, cultural values, religious rituals, taboos, mores, traditions, conventions, folklore and festivals, the historians, archeologists, cultural anthropologists and intellectuals declare them as the most dynamic donation one has granted to his culture (Walton, 2006). The same is applied to the given passages and pictures representing the Tang and Song dynasties of Medieval China. The given literature endorses the very notion that the elite stratum of the then Chinese society used to enjoy leisure hours after the completion of the tasks and professional obligations of the stratum. Hence, it ratifies Theory of Leisure Class articulated by Thorstein Veblen in 1899 that the elite or leisure class consumes its free hours after work in gossiping, arranging parties and embarking upon literary pursuits (Veblen, 2007). Since this class contained time, resources and opportunities in plenty, it did not have to get worried regarding their income and expenditures etc. Consequently, the class was expected to consume money, take food, drink wine, make fun and rejoice itself through amusement and recreational activities. Renowned English poet of Classical Era Alexander Pope has also elucidated the revelry-making activities of the elite stratum by portraying the everlasting character of the protagonist Belinda in his illustrious Rape of the Lock. The history of ancient cultures of Greece and Rome portray the kings and queen as habitual to dissipation and immoral activities while enjoying their leisure hours (Blond, 2000). The same was the position of the ruling class of Ottoman Empire, India and France. The French Revolution 1789 was actually the thunderous reaction to the dissipation made by the royalty and courtiers at the expense of the poor and downtrodden masses, who paid heavy taxes and thus underwent hunger and starvation for many days for the

Eminent Domain- Melvin M. Brandt Holding and Trust vs. United States Essay

Eminent Domain- Melvin M. Brandt Holding and Trust vs. United States - Essay Example The power of eminent domain therefore gives the state powers to take over land in and property and use it for public utility. This power does not consider the private owners hence goes ahead to take over the private property and use it for public interest whenever there is need. However, the state takes care of the welfare of the affected parties, after the process has been filed in the court then just compensation can be determined in the trial. Eminent domain is wide and does not only entail land and property but also patents, trade secrets and copyrights (V). However the amendment that states that the taking of land of property should only be for public and not any other purposes and that the affected parties should be justly compensated is to be adhered at all times However the us supreme court has consistently differed to the right of states to make their own determinations of public use (Wolf, USA Today News). Therefore always involves itself with offering fair judgments to cases involved with eminent domain. The court further insists that the preferred measure of just compensation should be a fair market value while putting into consideration the properties highest and best use. However this measure of compensation has been highly criticized because it omits from consideration a variety of incidental economic losses that a taking of land inflicts on its owners when they are evicted from their land and their businesses (Wolf, USA Today). Brandt concerns a quiet little action filed by the federal government involving a ten acre strip of land in Wyoming over which decades of failed railways operated in 1908, the government per tented thus granting land to Marvin and Lulu Brandt a plot of land including a portion of what was subjected to be the right of way.Several years later, the rail road abandoned the right of way. By the year 2004,the rail road had completed removing the track road and thus the

Wills and Trusts Essay Example for Free

Wills and Trusts Essay Facts:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tom is trustee of a trust created by Abe in 1986. The corpus consists of stocks and bonds worth $150,000, an apartment house appraised at $650,000 in a neighborhood which is becoming increasingly industrial, and a vacant lot. Yearly net income from the stocks and bonds is $12,000, and from the apartment house is $36,000. Tom has held the lot for five years, not wanting to sell it at a sacrifice because of the uncertainty of zoning and the location of a proposed highway. The trust instrument directs Tom to pay the income from the trust to Abe for life and, at Abes death, to divide the corpus between Abes children, Ben and Cathy to create two trusts. The two trusts are to continue for Bens and Cathys lives and then to be distributed to their children who are living when Ben or Cathy die. At the end of 1991, Tom sold the vacant lot for $50,000, the fair market value. He also sold some stocks for $35,000, realizing a $10,000 gain. Tom used this money along with $25,000 of accumulated rental income to build an addition to the apartment house. In another 1991 transaction Tom sold for $25,000 stocks that had been purchased in 1989 for $25,000, and lent the proceeds to PO Corp. at 1% below the prevailing interest rate. The loan is secured by a first mortgage on unimproved realty worth $30,000. For several years, Tom has performed substantial services for PO Corp. as a consulting engineer. He owns 100 shares of its common stock. There are 1,000,000 PO shares outstanding. In 1992, Tom allowed Ben to move into the apartment building. Ben got Tom to reduce the rent by $200 per month. Since Ben is an eventual beneficiary of the trust, he argued that he would simply let Cathy have more of the Trust money when Abe died to balance things out. Issue (1): Whether or not Tom breached his duties as trustee and, if so, what are his liabilities to the beneficiaries? Rule:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The issue in the case at bar is covered by the law on Trusts, which is basically formed by an arrangement whereby a property or a wealth owned by a person is managed by one person or an organization for the benefit of an individual or an organization. Relevant to this rule are the rights, duties and responsibilities of the settlor – the person creating the trusts, the trustee – the person for whom the property is entrusted, and the beneficiary – the individual for which the benefits of the trust is reposed. Analysis:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It bears stressing at this point that an examination of the rights and duties of the parties, specially that of the trustee, to a trust is imperative in solving the instant issue.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As trustee, Tom’s duty is to carry out the express terms of the trust. To be able to do the express terms of the trust, he is duty bound to defend the trust, to prudently invest the trusts assets, to be impartial with respect to the beneficiaries, keeping them informed about the trust and to administer the same in the best interest of the beneficiaries. Additionally, Tom has the duty not to delegate, the duty not to profit and not to engage in activities that may result in conflict of interest position.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   With the forgoing considerations and upon close perusal of the facts of the case, Tom has breached his duties as a trustee. The express duty of Tom is the delivery of the income of the trust to Abe for life. As it is, Tom performed acts that prejudiced Abe’s interest in the income of the trust. When Tom sold some of the stocks and realized a $10, 000 gain, he should have delivered the same to Abe since it forms part of the income of the trust. The same is true with the accumulated rental income. It should not have been used to build an addition to the apartment house since it forms part of the income which should be delivered to Abe.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tom is also liable for engaging in activities resulting to conflict of interest position. Notwithstanding the amount involved, his act of lending at 1% below the prevailing interest rate the proceeds of the sale of stocks to PO Corporation for which he renders services as a consulting engineer constitutes a breach of obligation on his part as trustee. In the first place, he is not authorized by the express letters of the trust to grant loans using the properties in trust. The breach was further aggravated when he lent the money to a corporation for which he owns shares of stocks and for which he is rendering substantial services.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Furthermore, the act of Tom in renting the apartment building to Ben at $200 per month less than the prevailing rent is also violative of his duties as a trustee. This would result in the reduction of the income from the apartment building by $2400 per annum to the detriment of Abe. The fact that Ben is an eventual beneficiary is of no moment. Ben has a future interest in the property but this does neither include the right to present possession nor enjoyment of the property. Since Abe is still living, it is only he who has the right to the income and enjoyment of the corpus as well as the income of the trust. Conclusion:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Based on the analysis made above, it is clear that Tom has breached his duties as trustee. His only liability is to Abe who was not able to receive all the income of the trust. As intimated above, Tom has no liability whatsoever to Cathy for like Ben, she is merely a remainderman who has a future interest in the corpus of the trust. She can neither possess nor enjoy the fruits of the trust while Abe is still living. Issue (2):   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Whether or not Abe received all the income to which he is entitled? Rule:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The rule applicable to this issue is the express provision of the trust instrument itself. The trust instrument directed Tom to: 1) deliver all income from the trust to Abe while the latter is still living; 2) divide the corpus between Ben and Cathy, Abe’s children upon the demise of the latter; and 3) distribute the same to their children who are living when Ben or Cathy die(Palermo). Analysis:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A perusal of the facts of the case reveals that Abe was not able to receive all income that is due him. He was deprived of the $10, 000 gain realized from the sale of some of his stocks worth $35, 000. He was also deprived of the $25, 000 accumulated rental income. Both income were used by Tom to build an addition to the apartment house, when what he should have done according to the clear letters of the trust is to deliver the same to Abe.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Abe was also deprived of $200 per month when Tom reduced the rent by said amount to the apartment building when Ben, an eventual beneficiary, moved in. Conclusion By not adhering to the letters of the trust instrument, Tom has in effect deprived Abe of the income that the latter is supposed to be entitled to. The trust instrument clearly directed Tom to deliver all income of the trust to Abe for life. Reference: Palermo M. (2006). Crash Course in Wills And Trusts. Electronic article   http://www.mtpalermo.com/httoc.htm

Roles and Responsibilities of the Newly Qualified Nurse

Roles and Responsibilities of the Newly Qualified Nurse The aim of this essay is to explore and discuss important aspects of the roles and responsibilities of the newly qualified nurse. It will discuss an overview of different type of roles and responsibilities including transition. The roles and responsibilities of a qualified nurse include essential professional skills such as leading in care management and care delivery situations as well as maintaining standards of care. The focus of the essay will be on two chosen roles of newly qualified nurses (delegation and patient group direction). It will discuss the meaning of these concepts and their importance for nurses, and provide some practical contextual examples. It will also discuss the rational of chosen roles A new qualified nurse expected to be competent to work in all environments and situations. This emerging health care system requires a registered Nurse workforce at all levels post initial registration capable of critical reflective thinking in order to create this system. With registration comes a shift in professional accountability together with wider clinical management and teaching responsibilities. On becoming a qualified nurse, the expectations and dynamics of relationships changes fundamentally. Suddenly the newly qualified nurse is the one who must know the answer whether it is a query from a patient, a career, a work colleague or a student. The newly qualified nurse will encounter many challenging situations where she or he must lead care delivery. This includes dealing with care management within the team, dealing with patients/service users, dealing with other professionals, and dealing with the required needs of the whole workplace environment. The NMC requires a student nurse to demonstrate professional and ethical practice, be competent in care delivery and care management and show personal and professional development in order to join the register NMC (2010). It is recognized that nurses should be provided with some form of preceptorship and supervision in their role for a period of four months time NMC (2006)) once qualified. Even in this period of preceptorship, there are new expectations and challenges faced by the newly qualified nurse. Mooney (2007) found that newly qualified nurses were faced with assumptions from others that they should know everything. This was also a high expectation they had of themselves. In meeting the NMC standards of proficiency the nurse should have demonstrated the relevant knowledge and skills in order to practise in their career. However, it is important to recognise that not every nurse knows everything about everything in their career especially if they are practising in highly specialized fields. What they need is to be able to develop and adapt to changing situations. Therefore, for the nurse it is impossible to know everything but they should have developed the skills to find out relevant information, reflect on it, and apply this to their practice. In essence they should have learned how to learn. There is a great deal to be learned once qualified, especially related to a nurses new area of work and a good deal of the development needs to take place on the job. The study by Jackson. K (2005) suggested that a successful transition requires the nurse to develop a self-image relevant to the change in status to be able to do the job and that they meet the expectations with others with appropriate support. Mooney (2007) also points out that the duties faced by most newly qualified nurses were not patient contact centred. There were a lot of duties related to contacting and dealing with other professionals and services. These brought anxieties related to the responsibilities that might be faced as the nurses would become increasingly senior in their roles with others expecting them to provide the actions and the answers in complex situations. This highlights how the experience of nursing of transition from student to newly qualified nurse can be daunting. In the current environment there is an expectation that nurses have a preceptor one qualifying for aid in these transitions but the literature still suggests there is a difficulty in the transit ion process for such professionals. Hole. J, (2009) found that individual accountability, delegating duties without appearing bossy and some challenging clinical situations such as death and dying and specialised technological roles were found to be stressful by qualifying nurses. Issues of the preceptorship of newly qualified nurses become apparent and important in dealing with the transition from supervised student to autonomous practitioner. The approach taken throughout the rest of this essay will be to provide a discussion of the main theories, concepts, and issues related to the roles and responsibilities of delegation and PGD for newly qualified nurses. It will discuss the meaning of these concepts and their importance for nurses, and provide some practical contextual examples. The rational of choosing these two roles are because: Firstly delegation is a huge newly qualified nurses concern. According Hole. J, (2005) newly qualified nurses are not capable to delegate tasks to someone else and they end up overloading themselves. This is because an accountability issue or not knowing the staffs well as they is new to the ward. Secondly, it is a legal requirement that newly qualified nurses need to have knowledge of PGDs in order to work within legal and ethical frameworks that underpin safe and effective medicines management NMC (2010). For this reason, I personally was interested and picked them to discuss in order to develop my understanding and prepare me to successfully make the transition from student nurse to a registered professional. Delegation is the process by which responsibility and authority for performing a task is transferred to another individual who accepts that authority and responsibility. Although the delegator remains accountable for the task, the delegate is also accountable to the delegator for the responsibilities assumed. Delegation can help others to develop or enhance their skills, promotes teamwork and improves productivity Sollivan.E.J et al (2009). Therefore, delegation is the area where newly qualified staff experience huge difficulties. Often they do not feel confident enough to ask someone else to do something for them. Consequently, they try to do all of the work themselves and end up leaving late or providing less than adequate standards of care. Other members of staff will not mind if they delegate tasks to them, as long as they apply the basic rules such as ensuring that it is something they are competent to do. When delegating, the delegator remain responsible for that care if he/she do not delegate appropriately as stated by NMC (2008). It is also important that the delegator explained clearly what it is he/she want them to do and why because he/she might genuinely busy or is it just something that he/she does not want to do. Hole.J, (2005) explained that As long as he/she asks the other member of staff in a courteous manner and stick to the rules, there will be few problems. However, there may always be someone who has the potential to react in a negative way to his/her request. These people are often known for this type of behaviour and it should be dealt with swiftly by their manager. This type of reaction experience should be discussed with the member of staff or if he/she not feels confident enough to do this, he/she should talk to the manager. As mention above this will be a difficult skill for a newly qualified nurse especially at first. They will need to get to know the other staff before they will feel truly comfortable delegating to others in the team. They may feel guilty about asking others to do tasks which they feel that they should be doing themselves. What they need to realise is that they cannot possibly do everything themselves and that they will need to work as a team in order to deliver good patient care. The new qualified nurses may well feel that they cannot ask others especially HCAs who have worked on the ward for years to do things for them. The nurse will probably feel self-conscious and embarrassed. The answer is that it is not what the nurse asks them to do that are important. It is how he/she asks them. Good communication is the key to successful delegation. The nurse should take a few minutes to discuss with the HCA/student with whom he/she is working who will be doing what during that shift. Share the workload and be realistic. Therefore the newly qualified nurses must not overload themselves with care they do not really think they can give. The member of staff would rather know what their workload is at the beginning of the shift so that they can organise their time effectively. If the delegator has to ask them to take on extra work during the shift, they will find this difficult. So the delegator should keep communicating with them during the shift, and if he/she is held up with relatives or an acutely ill patient, he/she should tell them and explain that he/she will try to help them as soon as possible. When the new qualified nurses are delegating, it is important to ensure that this is appropriate as it is their responsibility to ensure that the member of staff to whom they delegate is competent to perform the task. This means that if they delegate a task to a member of staff who is not competent and they perform the task wrongly, they are accountable for the harm caused to the patient. Although the member of staff responsible, they remain accountable. For example, they cannot assume that the HCA/student with whom they are working is competent in the skill of measuring and recording a patients blood pressure. Just because the member of staff has worked on that ward for a period of time, this does not mean that they have been taught correctly. They must assess their competence to perform the task before they allow them to do this independently. They can then justify their delegation of that skill if necessary. Patient Group Direction (PGD) is a written instruction for the supply and/or administration of a licensed medicine (medicines) in an identified clinical situation signed by a doctor or a dentist and pharmacist. It applies to a group of patients who may not be individually identified before presenting for treatment NPC (2009), page 11. In simple terms, a PGD is the supply and/or administration of a specified medicine or medicines by named authorised health professionals for a group of patients requiring treatment for the condition described in the PGD. The health professional must be registered. Implementing PGDs may be appropriate both in circumstances where groups of patients may not have been previously identified for example, minor injuries and first contact services and in services where assessment and treatment follows a clearly predictable pattern such as immunisation, family planning and so on. Professionals using a PGD must be registered or equivalent members of their profession and act within their appropriate code of professional conduct. This differs from supplementary prescribers and independent prescribers who must also successfully complete specific prescribing training and be appropriately registered before they may prescribe. However, organisations using PGDs must designate an appropriate person within the organisation. For example, a clinical supervisor, line manager or General Practitioner to ensure that only fully competent, qualified and trained healthcare professionals use PGDs. Individual practitioners using a PGD must be named A Patient Group Direction allows specified registered healthcare professionals to supply or administer a medicine directly to a patient with an identified clinical condition without him/her necessarily seeing a prescriber. So, patients may present directly to health care professionals using PGDs in their services without seeing a doctor. Alternatively, the patient may have been referred by a doctor to another service. Whichever way the patient presents, the healthcare professional working within the PGD is responsible for assessing that the patient fits the criteria set out in the PGD. In general, a PGD is not meant to be a long-term means of managing a patients clinical condition. This is best achieved by a health care professional prescribing for an individual patient on a one-to-one basis. Before a healthcare professional can use a PGD, he/she must be named and have signed the PGD documentation. This generally takes the form of signatures and names on a list or individual forms that are attached to the PGD itself or held by the service or organisation. Employees of NHS organisations authorising a PGD generally have indemnity attached to their status as an employee. This may also apply to non-NHS organisations. However, the organisations and employees involved should always check that this is the case. If the professional is not directly employed by the organisation, he/she still needs to be assessed as competent to use the PGD and must have his/her own relevant professional indemnity or insurance. These issues have implications for service delivery when new staff begins, or agency staff are covering services. They may not be able to work under a PGD immediately or may be excluded because of their employment status. Service managers need to be aware of these issues and plan service delivery to accommodate them. The use of PGDs is widespread throughout the NHS and since April 2003, some non-NHS organisations have been able to use them suggested by NPC (2009). Organisations must ensure that staff responsible for the development / implementation of PGDs and those authorised to work under PGDs have the experience, knowledge and skills necessary to do so. Unlike supplementary prescribers, nurse independent prescribers and healthcare professionals using PGDs do not have to become specifically qualified to do so. But they must be assessed by their organisations as fully competent, qualified and trained to operate within a PGD. A suitably competent and experienced healthcare professional who will be working under the PGD should be involved in the writing of the PGD, to ensure that the PGD meets the needs of the service. The role by RCN (2004) proposes that the registered nurse must be assessed as competent in medicines administration, Must be trained to operate within a PGDMust follow the 6 Rs of medicines administration Usually need to be qualified for at least 6 months Must assess the patient to ensure they fit the criteria as detailed in the PGD Must ensure the PGD meets the necessary legal requirements Cannot delegate the supplying/dispensing or administration stage to another registered nurse or student nurse. There is no specific national training for healthcare professionals producing PGDs The newly qualified nurses are not expected to be able to operate under a PGD until competent in medicines administration. However, they need to have knowledge of PGDs for their patient safety. For example, if patient under PGD admitted to the ward, the nurse must ensure that the medicines not stopped. The NMC (2010) code of conduct outline that newly qualified nurses to be fully understood all methods of supplying medicines. This includes Medicines Act exemptions, patient group directions (PGDs), clinical management plans and other forms of prescribing. They are expected to demonstrate knowledge and application of the principles required for safe and effective supply and administration via a patient group direction including an understanding of role and accountability. And also demonstrate how to supply and administer via a patient group direction. The newly qualified nurses may be involved with PGDs such as assisting and identifying areas where a PGD would offer more benefits than a PSD, understand the principles and processes of PGDs and be fully conversant with all the principles associated with dispensing and administering medicines they may also be working in a variety of settings where PGDs are used for example prison health care setting, nurse led service, walk in centres In my conclusion, I have learnt the roles and responsibilities of newly qualified nurses and I have developed skills and professional knowledge to work effectively with others. The NMC (2010) code of conduct helped me how the laws and policies are set up to ensure safe and effective delivery of care given to service users under a patient group direction. I am now prepared for the challenges I will face on being a newly qualified nurse by providing the knowledge and skills required to become effective and accountable practitioners. Clinical decisions will still have to be made in relation to meeting the needs of the people within my care. However, becoming a qualified nurse brings with its wider responsibilities in making and taking decisions related to the nursing team, other staff, and the work environment as a whole. These changes require a large shift from the experience of being a student and a mentored supervised learner, so it is essential that I am equipped with all the skills required to successfully make the transition.

Vincent Van Gogh Essay -- Art, Painting, Yelow House

In the summer of 1881 Vincent Van Gogh asked for his cousin’s hand in marriage and was turned down. He was very insistent on seeing her and took action on this by holding his hand in a flame and holding up the words â€Å"Let me see her for as long as I can keep my hand in the flame† (Wikipedia, Letter 193 from Vincent to Theo, The Hague, May 14, 1882). In 1885 Vincent’s father died (ArtBook: Van Gogh; A profound and tormented genius—his life in paintings, 1998). In December of 1888, Vincent Van Gogh had been living with a fellow artist and friend, Paul Gauguin. They lived in â€Å"Yellow House†; the house that Vincent rented and had painted a picture of in September of that year. On the December 23, Van Gogh approached Gauguin with a razor blade and then left Yellow House in a panic and fled to a local brothel. This led Vincent to cut off part of his ear, which he then gave to a prostitute (Wikipedia, Rita Wildegans, 2007). Vincent spent 3 days unconscious in the hospital after that night and was released back home on January 7, 1889 (Jen Green, 2002). In January and February Vincent was at the hospital a lot due to his hallucinations and paranoia. He thought that someone had poisoned him. In March the police closed down his house after a petition was signed by some of the locals and then was admitted into the town hospital in Arles (New World Encyclopedia, 2008). Vincent reported once to his brother Theo that looking at his face in a mirror calmed him. In April, Vincent’s brother Theo got married and Vincent started to feel like a burden on him (Jen Green, 2002). In May 1889, Vincent agreed to go back into hospitalization at the Saint-Remy asylum. He reported during his stay there that painting soothed and healed his spir... ...know the way he was feeling at any point in his life. I don’t know that there were a lot of psychiatrists and therapists around during his time but while researching him, it seemed like he was in touch with at least two doctors in his life that helped him with his psychological issues. So if Vincent Van Gogh were alive today I would still have him talk to doctors or one psychiatrist that he is comfortable with. I don’t know what kinds of treatments were available for someone in the late 1800’s but today I would see if Vincent was interested in taking a combination of mood stabilizers with antidepressants to help his manic episodes and his depressive ones. The textbook says that using these in combination with each other also may â€Å"reduce the risk of future depressive episodes, just as they seem to prevent the return of manic episodes† (Comer, 2011 p. 224).

Necessities in Tim OBriens Things They Carried :: Things They Carried Essays

Necessities in The Things They Carried      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In The Things They Carried , the characters themselves probably could not tell you why they carried many of the things they did.   The things they carried can be divided into three basic groups, the things that everyone had to carry in order to survive, the things that individuals chose to carry, and the mental burdens that many carried without choice.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The necessities that the men were forced to carry were, for example, P- 38 can openers, pocket knives, matches, C-rations, water, a nylon covered flak jacket, an M-16 assault rifle, and for Henry Dobbins, an M-60, which weighed 33- 38 pounds including ammunition.   All of these items were carried for two simple reasons, to survive, and to kill which was of course their job.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Next, the things that each individual chose to carry, for many of the men , these items were things that they personally believed that they could not live without, but to others would be unnecessary for survival.   For First Lieutenant Jimmy Cross it was pictures of Martha, and also letters from her whom he loved unrequitedly.   Another example and proof of irrelevance to survival was Ted Lavenders six or seven ounces of dope and nine extra M-79 Grenades which he was carrying when he was shot in the head.   Extras such as these really did nothing more than give the men a false sense of security, which was probably necessary to cope with their surroundings.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Last but certainly not least they carried with them love, guilt, memories, and fear of death.   Lieutenant cross, for example carried love, guilt, and even though he tried never to show it, fear.   Tim O'Brien shows us this in the passage shortly after the death of Ted Lavender, "He pictured Martha's

Unit criteria

Pl Criteria- using the case studies provided write an explanation of how you would use principles and values when planning your clients care Introduction For the first part of this assignment I will be using principles of planning wealth care in health and social care with each client differently to benefit each clients care needs. Principles are guided lines to show how to carry out the best way of care for different service users and also to inform or guide staff members on the correct way to behave when carrying out care.Case study 1- Tom is an elderly man who has been diagnosed with dementia. Tom is a sociable man who used to enjoy his career as an art teacher and has sold some of his paintings, he also enjoys being in the garden of the Independent living unit. Whenever possible he Likes to look after the plants In the containers on the patio and the Indoor plants positioned around the home. Tom shares the Independent living unit with two other people. There are full time careers that support the service users with their activities of daily living.Tom lacks the capacity to make informed decisions regarding his health and wellbeing. In collaboration with tom and his next of kin Staffs are able to devise a care plan that promotes his holistic wellbeing. The first principle I will be using is empowerment. In doing this it means that I will be giving each individual the correct amount of information to enable them to make informed decisions and also to make choices about their care needs and their life.The way that I would use empowerment with tom would be giving him enough independence so that he would be able to make his own decisions , I would also be allowing tom to take responsibility for how he would Like to carry out his day such as at he wants to wear and also If he wants to make himself a drink or If he would want to help make the food then allow him to help out in doing this it ill help to build toms independence and also it will gradually help tom fe el more respected and he will feel as if everyone around him has respect him.As a staff member the main priority would be to help make sure that tom is happy about what is happening and also to include tom on decisions. One way that would make sure tom was included would be when making toms care plan and the staff could include him by asking him if what as in the plan was okay for hi or if he wanted anything changing within it to make sure that he felt as if he was involved or if he had a say In It.I would also support tom's preferences and would recognize his preferences In doing this It would mean that I would be asking tom what he would want to happen and In doing this It would give him some Independence. Showing tom that I am supporting his preference would be me allowing tom to continue to look after the plants indoors everyone else who was in the unit with him. In meeting tom's physical, intellectual, social and emotional needs means that when leaning his care plan we will nee d to talk into account his physical needs such as if He needs to exercise.Intellectually we would need to figure out how to build up his memory even though tom suffers with dementia this is no excuse to leave this set of needs out. Socially we could invite other members of the unit to Join in with the permission of tom with helping him in the gardening. Looking at the emotional needs for tom a lot of people with dementia have trouble expressing their feelings which normally results in frustration in this situation you would need to take into account hat tom is an individual and depending on how you react to this will be personal to him.Due to his dementia arranging social outings may be difficult as he could forget where he is and what was planned in doing this he may get frustrated and could lash out. But instead we could encourage tom to take part in activities in small groups with other service users in the unit this will also help with toms intellectual needs as well in doing th is it would also help hi to socialism with the other members in the unit, it will help tom to become friends with the service users and ill also build trust tit them.Emotionally e could ask toms family to visit 2-3 ties a week in doing this it will help tom to see the progress within his family and it will also build his social needs to as he will be interacting with different groups of people and conversation will also change. Staff members could ask tom how he is feeling and how he feels about his activities this would give tom someone to talk to if he was having a bad day and it would help him to trust others with tom telling the staff how he is feeling it may also give them an incite to how he would like to be treat and also how they could make his ATA more enjoyable . N inviting his family around it will give him something to look forward to even if tom wasn't in the best of moods during the week reminding him that his family are coming to visit him Taking his physical needs in to account we would need to make sure that tom would be taking his medication at the right times and making sure that he actually takes them due to his dementia he may forget that he needs to take any sort of medication, to make sure that tom is taking all of his necessary medication I would suggest that a member of staff supervises him.Working in partnership would mean that staff would be working towards contribution off the support that tom would need.Working with his family, gap's and the current careers working within the independent living unit the staff would also be working with tom, in doing this it would mean that we would sit down with tom and his family as well as other health care professionals and making a care plan for him that would care plan that has been made for him is important as his family would need to check if what was in the care plan was best for him and would be the best way to carry out is care needs it is important that tom is included in making decisions for his care plan as he may have suggestion and including him would make him feel valued and respected.Carrying out holistic care means looking at the whole care of the individual and focusing mainly on them in doing this it means that the staff would be focusing mainly on tom in doing this it would mean that tom would feel more valued because the staff members would have more time to carry out his care and it would also mean that his care needs would be carried out fully, they would be focusing on his dedication needs, and they would be focusing on dietary and exercise needs Just because tom has dementia does not mean that he shouldn't exercise if tom did not exercise it may mean that he would become unhealthy and his health would also deteriorate. They should also take into account his past and current hobbies in doing this it would show that the staff where paying attention to him. Case study 2 Sue is a 43 year old woman who has had a stroke. She lives in oak ridge care home.She has lost the use of her right arm and leg she has difficulty speaking clearly. Fortunately sue is left handed. Sue is an intelligent woman who until she had her stroke ran her own business and had 23 employed people. Sue likes to listen to music and socialism with other residents in the home. She especially enjoys craft sessions as she used to complete cross stitch embroidery as a hobby Sue is also taking part in physiotherapy to help strengthen her right arm and has learnt to use a walking stick for support, she also has speech therapy. Since sue has had her stroke I believe that her physical needs have lowered but are still quite high due to her stroke.I would then promote sues needs rights and choices by giving sue anything that she had requested such as something specific within her care plan. I would also need to respect sues opinion in doing this it would build trust and also start to build a good relationship, it would also help sue to feel respected and it may also build he r confidence as well. Also respecting sues privacy when she wants it is important as she may feel disrespected if a staff member didn't allow her any privacy. Allowing sue to chose activities which she wants to take part in would build her independence another way that would show staff would be respecting her references is by allowing her to choose what she would want to wear or if she would want to go out somewhere asking her where she should want to go .My next principle is confidentiality, maintaining confidentiality wit sue is important to make sure that sue trusts you if sue did not trust the staff then it may make it difficult to carry out her care needs. By maintaining sues confidentiality it would mean that if sue had confided in you and said that she does not feel happy or if it was something that may cause concern or could cause harm to sue then this is the only time that his could break the trust between sue and the career. If sue had told you something that may concern y ou FRR her safety then you would need to alert a higher member of staff and her family to make sure that she is kept safe and out of danger .When planning sues heath care plan her family should also be involved as well as other health care professionals such as physiotherapists, speech therapists it is important to involve other health care professionals with sues case study because there are many ways that would help so return to how she was before she had her trope, in her care plan there would need to be some sort of routine that would regularly have physiotherapy and speech therapy in it having regular sessions would make sues development of speech a lot quicker and also regular physiotherapy sessions will help her to develop the feeling back in bother her arm and leg in doing this it will boost her confidence and self esteem. To support sues values and cultures the staff should let her do things that she enjoys even if the staff members do not agree.Listening to sues lifestyle and how she looks at things is important to know exactly how to treat her, allowing sue to socialism with there residents and take part in her hobbies will show sue that you respect her and also will also build up trust and it ill give the staff members a wider range of knowledge about sues views and how she lives her life. If sue was quite a religious person and prayed quite a lot then a staff member could assign certain times through the day or even night where she could have some alone time and some privacy to carry out her prayers and anything else that she needed to do, if the staff did not allow sue to carry out her religious practices then they would be discriminating against her and this would be unprofessionalSupporting sues preferences is also important as it is what she wants. Respecting sues preferences would mean allowing her to listen to the music which she wanted at a reasonable time and also volume, to help with this you could by sue a music player that was for sues use only this would help sue to feel respected, valued and also independent. Sue also likes socializing so she could ask a few of the other service users in the home that she is friendly with to sit and have dinner with her in a small group , some of the other service users have similar health issues so with sue Ewing friends with them means that she has someone that she could relate to.With sues hobbies are most loved hobby is cross stitch embroidery , if sue wanted to she could set up a little group activity for herself and some of the other service users , the only issue with this is that it may need two hands to take part in this hobby if sue sees that other service users are capable of doing the activity but she is not so capable then she may get upset and frustrated resulting in her being also gives her more of the independence and if she sees sue struggling she could hen ask sue if she would like any help and if she says yes then continue to help but if she says no then respe ct her wishes and allow her to continue by herself. The type of care that sue is receiving is holistic care , holistic care means that the staff look at the whole care for sue such as exercise dietary needs etc having holistic care means that the staff will be able to focus mainly on sue and will take more time to plan her care plan making sure that sue is involved to make her feel valued they could suggest some care ways which they think would be best for her and sue could ay if she agrees and also have some input on what she wants.Ml- review benefits to the individuals and professional staff or taking a holistic approach to planning support. Health and social care is about making the best decisions to improve the service user's care. Within this I will be writing a review on how multi agency working within health and social care and also the holistic care approach benefits certain service user's care needs I think that the benefit of a individual choosing the holistic care approac h is that it is more focused on them and no one else, their care needs are concentrated on more of hat they need and also want.. With tom and sue both living in independent living or being there it helps them to socialism with other residents that live there with them.With other service users living in the same buildings as them it will also help them to build a relationship with the other residents and this will then help them to feel as if they aren't alone and it will also give them a higher self esteem and confidence. In sues case with her speech being limited with holistic care she would be getting regular speech therapy and this would be in with her care plan if she sits down with member of staff and organisms a meeting here they can discuss or write down what sue may want then if speech therapy was to become part of the routine care plan then the speech lessons would be a lot more regular and the more times that these sessions occur the quicker that sues speech and communicat ion skills will improve by doing this it will help build sues confidence to communicate with others without feeling embarrassed about her speech skills.With the careers taking the holistic care approach getting an advocate for each service user, if say a service user was UN happy with the care that they were receiving or ere Just feeling bait down or even they felt as if they aren't being understood by the career then they would be able to talk to the advocate and then the advocate would take each problem into consideration and would try and solve it straight away, service users means that they have someone to talk to if they ever feel alone in doing this and having an advocate in place it will make them more confident and also in social situations. With careers following the holistic approach for each service user they are taking into consideration the physical, intellectual, social, emotional and also language needs of he individual, each health and social care professional taking each specific need into account this enables them to carry out the best care for the individual service user each need will be different for all service users as each service user has diverse care needs.When the holistic care approach looks at physical needs it looks at thing such as medication how much of a certain medication an individual needs to take per day and also sometimes whether or not they could ease the service user off of the medication to possibly improve their health , they would also look at dietary and exercise needs to , when looking at the dietary needs they would take into consideration whether they are vegetarian or if their religion only eat specific foods at certain times. Coming to the exercise needs wouldn't always be looking at if they need to lose any weight but it would also be looking at whether or not their fitness is at a good point and if not then an exercise plan would be made to help improve their fitness Just by doing small little exercises during the day.Intellectually the service users would also improve , taking part in activities such as eating and also taking part in puzzles and crosswords, this will intellectually stimulate them and will be training their mind and will give them many intellectual skills such as problem solving , they will also start to take into account when they need to take their medication as well as how much they need to take and what they need to take. The holistic approach also shows progress and capability of the service user , if each individual was to follow the holistic approach to care then it will make them feel more confident, valued and also loved they may also feel happier about their self if they e improvement with their self.With the holistic care approach it helps the individual feel more free and valued , to be able to do hat they would like to instead of being told what to do they are also able to do it when they want and not feel as if they are being controlled this will give each service user freedom. Each career using the holistic approach will feel as if they can allow the service user approach it means that all legislations and procedures are in place to help the careers make sure that careers can carry out their Job as best they can, it will also mean that hey will build trust with service users that they are supporting and also looking after. They ill have a sense of pride knowing that they have helped the service user.When the holistic approach works with multi- agencies this will improve the level at which the individuals care and health improves helping service users using various care professionals can help physically as well as emotionally and socially. It will help each individual emotionally would be to talk to an advocate if they were having any problems or maybe a gap. Physically their fitness improves and in this happening it ill make them more confident. Socially with the physical and emotional needs tied in within the social part it will giv e them confident and will raise their self esteem so that when they are in small social groups they will have the confident to speak without feeling embarrassed. ODL- analyses reasons for working with professionals from more than one agency when planning support for individuals . Multi disciplinary team- a team of professionals drawn from a range of disciplines or services, e. G health care, education and social services, all working together towards a common goal† (stretch and Whitehorse 2010) When working within health and social care there are plenty of care professions That can help the individuals care needs to improve such as GAPS, social workers, nurses, doctors etc. Professionals working in health and social care involve other members form different organizations so that they can give the service user the best care that the service user's needs. It will benefit the service user as it will build strong relationships with their care provider.If a service user has any pro blems that they are concerned about then they would be able to talk to them about it I believe that if this was to happen and they only had a nurse to talk to then they may not open up as much as they would if it was someone else such as an advocate or a counselor. This would pick up on issues much quicker to solve the problem at hand. An example could be if you had worked with a certain service user for a number of months and they were always cheery and smiling but one day when you went to carry out their care needs and noticed that they weren't their self and also that they were UN happy then this would cause you to have concerns about the individual.As a staff member seeing this then I would suggest that staff member asks the service user what is the tater if it is something that is serious I would then need to inform other members unit. In doing this it would then build a greater trust with them, but if the situation was serious the staff member would need to tell the service us er that she may need to break confidentiality as it could potentially cause harm to her and others around her , in doing this it may break a little of the trust but in turn it would also help to protect them from harm and in the long run it would mean that the relationship would be better. Another reason that multi professionals work together with an individual because it ivies the individual more support than what it would if they had one care worker working with the individual.It will benefit the service user because all health care professionals working with one individual will be able to focus more on that individual and will be able to use more resources to help with the service users care needs within their care plan. It will also help each individual to overcome each health issue that they have. Having more than one health and social care professional working with an individual will help speed up their care and health needs it will help them to get back to normal ay to day li fe and will also help boost confidence and self-esteem having other service users encouraging them will make them want to help their self. The last reason that I think working with multi agency practices is beneficial for an individual is because each professional will be working to help develop each of the service users different needs which need to be developed.When each professional doing this will help speed up the quickness of improving the individual's health. If the individual only had one health worker providing their specific care needs it may aka a longer period of time for the individual to become well again, if the service user feels as if they are getting no further along in their progress they may want to give up and may become depressed in turn meaning that their health would not improve. But working with numerous health professionals would mean that progress would develop quicker making the individual a lot happier and confident. Staffs from multi agency groups have different skills which they could put in place to help with the care needs of the individual.This would be both beneficial to the staff and also the service user. It would be beneficial to the staff as it would give them a wider knowledge of different care techniques meaning that they would be able to put into practice when caring for an individual, for the service user the health and other specific needs would be fulfilled and it would mean that it would get them back on track to becoming healthy again and confident when socially interacting with other individuals. It would also mean that some of the health professionals would have more experience meaning that the techniques that they had learned and have shared would be more likely to work.

Dreams in Of Mice and Men Essay

Of Mice and Men by John Steinback is a story about George and Lennie, two companions who share the same dream of owning their own land and being their own boss. They move from place to place looking for work but the â€Å"fetishes† of Lennie gets them into trouble which hinders their dream for being fulfilled. In the end, reality sinks in and George accepts their fate. Almost all of the characters in the story have dreams of their own but somehow fate conspires against them that prevent their dreams for becoming a reality. Of Mice and Men centers on dreams of the common man as much as it focuses on loneliness and human companionship. The focus on dreams however, is leaned towards a more realistic approach than idealistic. Steinback portrays dreams realistically by showing the obstacles that hinder dreams. Dreams is what drive people, or at least most of us, it gives us a sense of purpose, without them, existence seems unnecessary. The most notable dream in the story is the dream of George and Lennie having a farm of their own. Lennie always asks George to retell him their dreams because part of it involves Lennie petting rabbits, which is Lennie’s fetish (touching soft things), and also because Lennie has a short memory. Ironically, it is their dream that enslaves them to work. The dream of owning a farm is the lifelong dream of George and Lennie because they are tired of moving from place to place constantly trying to find work, which barely support them– owning a farm means, at least for George, being self-reliant, a sense of security and just simply being somebody and not just mere drifters. Lennie on the other hand is just in it for the rabbits but he clearly values the companionship that their dreams forge. This is shown throughout the story when Lennie gets upset by the thoughts of George getting angry at him Candy, the old man with the old sheep dog, partly became part of George and Lennie’s dream; as he offers money that he supposedly have, to contribute to the purchase of the farm. The dream of the farm also gives him a sense of security because he has nowhere else to go to if he is fired from the current farm he is in. Crooks also partly shared the dream of George and Lennie when Lennie tells him about the dream farm, Crooks offers his service to the farm for free because for him, equality in the farm might bring is enough. Equality is something he longs for outside of the dream farm because he is discriminated for being black. He lives separately from the other workers and is insulted by the wife of Curley. A place they can call their own where they can have some sense of security and pride is what drives these characters’ dreams. Dreams, by its mere definition, do not mean that everything would be achieved. The characters dream of a different, or rather, a better life but their conditions prevent them from achieving these dreams. George does not have the money to buy the farm and Lennie slows his progress, Lennie is mentally retarded and relies solely on George so he can somehow function in society. Crooks is a black man, and during the setting of the story, that fact alone is enough to stop all hopes for a better life. Even Curley’s wife had dreams of becoming an actress but he married Curley who does not make her happy. Slim provides contrast with these dreams as he appears to not have any dreams and accepts the reality that he is stuck on working in the farm. Having dreams is fine but the truth is the world is an unforgiving place. The story shows the idealistic dreams of the characters and their struggle to break out of their situation. The characters strive for a better life but remain in the cycle of work, more work, and hopelessness—Dreams does not always lead to a happy ending.

Friedrich Nietzsche's On The Genealogy of Morals Essay

Nietzsches Genealogy of Morality - Essay Example From this paper, it is clear that according to Nietzsche (57), morality no longer guides people but there are forced by different legal circumstances to behave in a given way. In this essay, the writer will try to evaluate and analyze the genealogy of morality as noted by Nietzsche (57). Understanding genealogy of morality is a great way for people to look back and gauge where they went wrong in reference to bad ethics and morals in the society. Nietzsche makes an assertion that one becomes forced to admit that legal conditions could be nothing other than means to create larger units of power (Nietzsche 57). He attacks the ideas that morality is selfless, the idea that suffering can be interpreted as rightful punishment to whoever experiences it because it sharpens their thinking on a given subject. He also argues on the conception of free will that involves the idea that agents could act differently from what they did (Nietzsche 57). Free will, even as anchored on the Holy Bible that God gave His people a free will to choose between what is right and wrong, is a big challenge to the society in reference to the decaying morals. The moral decay happens because people no longer adhere to any traditional customs that guide their ethics and morals because they are free to choose and behave any way they want despite societal values. He talks about a privileging of ‘slave values such as humility and devaluation of those such as pride and audacity, and the conception that morality involves obligations with unconditional obligations and that it is universally applicable or binding. Morality should be upheld at all instances, and governments should institute measures that will boost good morality for their citizens.

Returning to college Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Returning to college - Essay Example It is not going to be easy for me to prepare myself for the transition from a family person to a student. Though once I was a student, at that time, I never had any constraints for my studies. Well, I did not grow up with good study habits, I used to spend most of my free time playing video games, watching movies and listening to music and hardly doing my homework when I was a student. Since I got married now and have an infant daughter, my burdens have increased a lot. So the problem is how to prepare myself mentally for the transition from a house wife to a student without sacrificing the needs of my infant and husband. The very first step I am taking is to make sure that, my home is a good place to study. For any positive results to be attained in studying at home, the home environment should be made conducive for thinking. In order to make my home suitable for studies, I have to manage my daughter and husband judiciously. It is clear to me that, I can only concentrate on one thing at a time and for that purpose the home environment should be free from noise and distraction. The time management of my daughter is going to be a big issue in my pursuit of completing a college degree. She is in her early pre-teen period and hence it is compulsory for me to take care of her because of the presence of mother is essential for the child development at infancy period. So apart from my studies, I have to spend as much as time with her in order to satisfy her needs. It is difficult for me to convince her regarding the importance of my studies because of her small age. It is better for me to utilize more time for my studies while my daughter is sleeping. I can also ask my husband to take her to some parks or to entertain her in some ways when I am studying. The second challenge of course may arise from my husband. Like all other husbands, he also requires my company in order to maintain the

Is there a clash of civilizations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Is there a clash of civilizations - Essay Example and its allies, due to the perceived threat of western cultural values, lifestyles, democracy, liberalness, secularism as well as capitalism to the Muslim spiritual customs and dogmas, is indicative of a clash of civilizations between Islam and the west. There is compelling evidence of the ever-broadening gap between the Muslim world and the west, due to unique differences in values that define the two cultural blocks. While there is no single civilization that dominates the world, the western culture and the Islamic culture are perhaps the greatest civilizations of the world, with the latter being the most troublesome. The Muslim world is always antagonizing the west and individuals in the Islamic civilization do not see eye to eye with those in the western civilization on many issues. The assault on Pentagon and New York’s Twin Towers was not only an attack against the United States as a nation, but also an attack on the glorified western society and philosophy in general (Wistrich, 2001). The Muslim terrorists will not relent until they have reduced the western civilization to the ground and only then will they be satisfied that the spread of contemporary western way of life and western values across the world has been con tained. The Muslim world has always been threatened by the U.S. led â€Å"western democracy, freedom of thought, secularism and capitalism, ideals that have been hailed as the epitome of modern civilization and modelled by many nations across the world. As the western nations revel their successful democratization of the rest of the world, the Muslim world frowns at their successes and their hatred grows even further. The longstanding confrontational relationship between the west and the Muslim world does indicate the obvious conflicting interests of the two sides, with each seeking domination of the global world order. The western world, particularly the U.S. and Israel, have been loathed and targeted by the Muslim world since they are